## What is a Keylogger: Understanding the Mechanism and Threats

**The Basic Mechanism of Keyloggers**

A keylogger is a tool that records keyboard input through software or hardware. This technique, known as keystroke logging, is neutral in itself, but its purpose can make it legal or illegal. While parents may use it to supervise their children's device usage or companies may utilize it to monitor employees' activities during work, cybercriminals abuse it to steal personal information, credit card information, and banking credentials.

**Features and Threats of Hardware Keyloggers**

A hardware keylogger that functions as a physical device is usually in the form of a small chip or cable that connects to the USB port of a computer or laptop. Many types are relatively easy to remove, and the data collected is analyzed using accompanying software. Types built into the firmware connect to the BIOS and start recording simultaneously with the machine's boot. Wireless keyloggers intercept communication between the keyboard and the PC, making them difficult to detect.

**The Dangers of Software Keyloggers**

Software keyloggers are secretly embedded in systems by hackers and can infiltrate through phishing attacks or remote installations. Advanced versions not only record keyboard actions but can also capture screenshots and clipboard information. The greatest issue is that detection is extremely difficult, and there are even more sophisticated forms that exploit JavaScript and APIs.

**Practical Measures for Hardware Types**

Public environments are the main risk areas for use. Regularly inspecting the USB ports around the computer is a basic defense measure. Additionally, techniques that intentionally complicate the input patterns, such as deliberately changing the position of characters with the mouse when entering passwords, or inserting previous characters after inputting the last character first, are effective. However, if more advanced keyloggers are recording screen and mouse movements as well, these methods will not work completely.

**Multilayer Defense for Software Types**

Implementing reliable antivirus software is a fundamental protective measure. It is also worth considering the installation of dedicated tools specifically for keylogger detection. Basic hygiene practices, such as not clicking on email attachments, unknown source links, or advertisements, are equally important. Keeping software and the OS up to date at all times will help close known vulnerabilities. Special caution is required when conducting internet banking or cryptocurrency transactions, and all users, including traders, should remain vigilant.

**Software-based detection and removal process**

The first step is to check the list of system process startup programs and search online for suspicious programs to determine their legitimacy. Network traffic monitoring can also help identify the activity of keyloggers. While removal may not always be easy, the first attempt should be to use keylogger removal software to detect and delete them. If the software does not resolve the issue, a complete format and reinstallation of the operating system will be the last resort.

To protect yourself from the threat of keyloggers, it is essential to adopt a comprehensive approach that combines multiple layers of defense. Special care is required, especially during financial transactions and when entering personal information.